Johns Hopkins ABX Guide
Kingella species
Kingella species is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide.
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MICROBIOLOGY
- Fastidious, Gram-negative facultative anaerobic coccobacillus of the Neisseriaceae family.
- Labs may misidentify due to the organism’s tendency for crystal violet dye retention, therefore appearing Gram-positive.
- β-hemolytic, catalase-negative; will not grow on MacConkey agar.
- Polysaccharide capsule aids in virulence and invasive abilities.
- Described factors: including type IV pili and the Knh trimeric autotransporter (adherence to the host), a potent RTX-family toxin (epithelial barrier breach), and multiple surface polysaccharides (complement and neutrophil resistance).
- Part of normal oral/respiratory and GU flora, especially in children.
- Colonization rates:
- 0-6 mos: 1%
- 12 mos- 4 yrs: 10-28% (toward higher-end, especially in the daycare population)
- Adults: 1%
- Colonization rates:
- Kingella kingae most frequent human pathogen.
- Other occasional species include K. dentrificans and K. oralis.
- Generally susceptible to many antibiotic classes.
- Intrinsically resistant to vancomycin and other glycopeptides; variable to clindamycin.
-- To view the remaining sections of this topic, please log in or purchase a subscription --
MICROBIOLOGY
- Fastidious, Gram-negative facultative anaerobic coccobacillus of the Neisseriaceae family.
- Labs may misidentify due to the organism’s tendency for crystal violet dye retention, therefore appearing Gram-positive.
- β-hemolytic, catalase-negative; will not grow on MacConkey agar.
- Polysaccharide capsule aids in virulence and invasive abilities.
- Described factors: including type IV pili and the Knh trimeric autotransporter (adherence to the host), a potent RTX-family toxin (epithelial barrier breach), and multiple surface polysaccharides (complement and neutrophil resistance).
- Part of normal oral/respiratory and GU flora, especially in children.
- Colonization rates:
- 0-6 mos: 1%
- 12 mos- 4 yrs: 10-28% (toward higher-end, especially in the daycare population)
- Adults: 1%
- Colonization rates:
- Kingella kingae most frequent human pathogen.
- Other occasional species include K. dentrificans and K. oralis.
- Generally susceptible to many antibiotic classes.
- Intrinsically resistant to vancomycin and other glycopeptides; variable to clindamycin.
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Last updated: December 11, 2022
Citation
Auwaerter, Paul. "Kingella Species." Johns Hopkins ABX Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2022. Johns Hopkins Guides, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540611/all/Kingella_species.
Auwaerter P. Kingella species. Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2022. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540611/all/Kingella_species. Accessed March 24, 2023.
Auwaerter, P. (2022). Kingella species. In Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540611/all/Kingella_species
Auwaerter P. Kingella Species [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2022. [cited 2023 March 24]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540611/all/Kingella_species.
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PB - The Johns Hopkins University
DB - Johns Hopkins Guides
DP - Unbound Medicine
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