Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Dementia with Lewy Bodies is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins Psychiatry Guide.
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DEFINITION
- Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a primary neurodegenerative disorder affecting cognitive function and movement.
- Early symptoms include prominent deficits in attention, as well as visuospatial and executive dysfunction.
- Parkinsonism, hallucinations, cognitive fluctuations, and REM sleep behavior disorder are commonly present.
- DLB is one of the three major α-synucleinopathies, along with Parkinson disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy but is more likely to be misdiagnosed as Alzheimer disease (AD).
- α-synuclein protein aggregation in cytoplasmic neuronal inclusions (Lewy bodies) is a pathological hallmark of both DLB and PD.
- Classically, DLB pathology features heavy neocortical Lewy body burden with low AD pathology Aβ or tau pathology, but co-pathology is frequent and may contribute to heterogeneity of disease [1][2][3].
- Compared with AD, DLB has a shorter mean survival time after diagnosis (~4 years vs. ~6 years) [4] and generally places more significant financial burdens on patients and their families/caretakers [5].
- Cognitive impairment due to Lewy bodies is classified under the neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) section of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) [6].
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DEFINITION
- Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a primary neurodegenerative disorder affecting cognitive function and movement.
- Early symptoms include prominent deficits in attention, as well as visuospatial and executive dysfunction.
- Parkinsonism, hallucinations, cognitive fluctuations, and REM sleep behavior disorder are commonly present.
- DLB is one of the three major α-synucleinopathies, along with Parkinson disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy but is more likely to be misdiagnosed as Alzheimer disease (AD).
- α-synuclein protein aggregation in cytoplasmic neuronal inclusions (Lewy bodies) is a pathological hallmark of both DLB and PD.
- Classically, DLB pathology features heavy neocortical Lewy body burden with low AD pathology Aβ or tau pathology, but co-pathology is frequent and may contribute to heterogeneity of disease [1][2][3].
- Compared with AD, DLB has a shorter mean survival time after diagnosis (~4 years vs. ~6 years) [4] and generally places more significant financial burdens on patients and their families/caretakers [5].
- Cognitive impairment due to Lewy bodies is classified under the neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) section of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) [6].
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Last updated: April 3, 2022
Citation
, Jared Hinkle, and Gregory Pontone. "Dementia With Lewy Bodies." Johns Hopkins Psychiatry Guide, 2022. Johns Hopkins Guides, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_Psychiatry_Guide/787109/all/Dementia_with_Lewy_Bodies.
J, Pontone G. Dementia with Lewy Bodies. Johns Hopkins Psychiatry Guide. 2022. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_Psychiatry_Guide/787109/all/Dementia_with_Lewy_Bodies. Accessed March 30, 2023.
, J., & Pontone, G. (2022). Dementia with Lewy Bodies. In Johns Hopkins Psychiatry Guide https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_Psychiatry_Guide/787109/all/Dementia_with_Lewy_Bodies
J, Pontone G. Dementia With Lewy Bodies [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins Psychiatry Guide. ; 2022. [cited 2023 March 30]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_Psychiatry_Guide/787109/all/Dementia_with_Lewy_Bodies.
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