Johns Hopkins Psychiatry Guide
Specific Learning Disorder
DEFINITION
- Specific learning disorder (SLD) is a group of neurobiologically based neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by significant difficulties in the acquisition and use of:
- Listening
- Speaking
- Reading
- Writing
- Reasoning
- Mathematical abilities
- Specific learning disorder is classified under the Neurodevelopmental Disorders section of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5)[1].
- The key feature is difficulties learning and using academic skills, despite interventions being put in place to target those difficulties.
- The difficulties may include: inaccurate or slow and effortful word reading; difficulty understanding the meaning of what is read; difficulties with spelling, written expression, mathematical reasoning; difficulties mastering number sense, number facts, or calculation.
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Last updated: September 3, 2017
Citation
Ostrander, Rick, and E. M Mahone. "Specific Learning Disorder." Johns Hopkins Psychiatry Guide, 2017. Johns Hopkins Guides, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_Psychiatry_Guide/787037/all/Specific_Learning_Disorder.
Ostrander R, Mahone EM. Specific Learning Disorder. Johns Hopkins Psychiatry Guide. 2017. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_Psychiatry_Guide/787037/all/Specific_Learning_Disorder. Accessed September 22, 2023.
Ostrander, R., & Mahone, E. M. (2017). Specific Learning Disorder. In Johns Hopkins Psychiatry Guide https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_Psychiatry_Guide/787037/all/Specific_Learning_Disorder
Ostrander R, Mahone EM. Specific Learning Disorder [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins Psychiatry Guide. ; 2017. [cited 2023 September 22]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_Psychiatry_Guide/787037/all/Specific_Learning_Disorder.
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