Johns Hopkins HIV Guide
Cystoisospora
MICROBIOLOGY
- Cystoisospora belli (formally Isospora) is a coccidian intracellular parasite.[7]
- Mature oocysts are large (20 x 30 μm) and sporulate in the environment.[4]
- Sporulated oocysts are infective.
- Sporozoites penetrate enterocytes of small intestine where they develop into trophozoites.
- Transmission occurs by ingestion of contaminated water and food, and infection is associated with immunosuppression.[1]
- Cystoisosporiasis is endemic in tropical and subtropical areas of Central and South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia.[12]
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Last updated: October 14, 2024
Citation
Spacek, Lisa A. "Cystoisospora." Johns Hopkins HIV Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2024. Johns Hopkins Guides, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545111/all/Cystoisospora.
Spacek LA. Cystoisospora. Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2024. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545111/all/Cystoisospora. Accessed October 27, 2025.
Spacek, L. A. (2024). Cystoisospora. In Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545111/all/Cystoisospora
Spacek LA. Cystoisospora [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2024. [cited 2025 October 27]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545111/all/Cystoisospora.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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