Induction-Maintenance
DEFINITION
- Initiation of intensive ART regimen followed by simplification or de-intensification after virologic suppression to improve convenience and tolerability and to decrease toxicity. Switches from 4-drug to 3-drug regimens and from standard 3-drug to 1- or 2-drug regimens studied. This is no longer a part of routine antiretroviral therapy management.
- Simplification refers to switching to more-tolerable or less-frequently dosed agents. For example, switching from a twice-a-day regimen to a once-daily single-tablet regimen. This is most commonly done to switch an individual on older agents (e.g., LPV/r) to more potent and tolerable agents. The actual switch depends on the current regimen and the regimen that is expected to work based on known HIV drug resistance mutations and comorbidities.
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Last updated: October 14, 2024
Citation
Hoffmann, Christopher J, and Richard D Moore. "Induction-Maintenance." Johns Hopkins HIV Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2024. Johns Hopkins Guides, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545102/all/Induction_Maintenance.
Hoffmann CJ, Moore RD. Induction-Maintenance. Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2024. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545102/all/Induction_Maintenance. Accessed October 8, 2025.
Hoffmann, C. J., & Moore, R. D. (2024). Induction-Maintenance. In Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545102/all/Induction_Maintenance
Hoffmann CJ, Moore RD. Induction-Maintenance [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2024. [cited 2025 October 08]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545102/all/Induction_Maintenance.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Induction-Maintenance
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A1 - Hoffmann,Christopher,M.D., M.P.H.
AU - Moore,Richard,M.D.
Y1 - 2024/10/14/
BT - Johns Hopkins HIV Guide
UR - https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545102/all/Induction_Maintenance
PB - The Johns Hopkins University
DB - Johns Hopkins Guides
DP - Unbound Medicine
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