Johns Hopkins HIV Guide
Hepatitis B
PATHOGENS
- Hepatitis B virus (HBV): enveloped partially double-stranded DNA virus with surface antigen surrounding nucleocapsid made up of core protein, viral genome, and polymerase protein. Maintains persistence in hepatocytes with covalently closed circular (ccc) DNA
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Last updated: March 12, 2023
Citation
Hoffmann, Christopher J. "Hepatitis B." Johns Hopkins HIV Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2023. Johns Hopkins Guides, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545089/all/Hepatitis_B.
Hoffmann CJ. Hepatitis B. Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2023. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545089/all/Hepatitis_B. Accessed September 28, 2025.
Hoffmann, C. J. (2023). Hepatitis B. In Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545089/all/Hepatitis_B
Hoffmann CJ. Hepatitis B [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2023. [cited 2025 September 28]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545089/all/Hepatitis_B.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Hepatitis B
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Y1 - 2023/03/12/
BT - Johns Hopkins HIV Guide
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PB - The Johns Hopkins University
DB - Johns Hopkins Guides
DP - Unbound Medicine
ER -
