Diarrhea
Diarrhea is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins HIV Guide.
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PATHOGENS
- Acute: Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Clostridium difficile, E. coli (enteroaggregative EAEC), S. aureus, Vibrio parahemolyticus, Yersinia, norovirus and other viruses (calicivirus, astrovirus, adenovirus).
- Chronic: Cryptosporidium, microsporidia, MAC, CMV, Cyclospora, Giardia, Isospora, Entamoeba histolytica, Strongyloides, HIV enteropathy, and causes of acute diarrhea (especially Salmonella).
- CD4 < 50: Cryptosporidium,microsporidia, CMV, MAC.
- Pathogen-negative, chronic, large-volume diarrhea: KS or lymphoma.
- Non-infectious causes: adverse drug reactions (especially PIs), inflammatory bowel disease, dietary (milk, sorbitol, caffeine), malabsorption, pancreatitis, endocrine disease.
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Last updated: February 24, 2014
Citation
Spacek, Lisa A. "Diarrhea." Johns Hopkins HIV Guide, 2014. Johns Hopkins Guide, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545056/all/Diarrhea.
Spacek LA. Diarrhea. Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. 2014. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545056/all/Diarrhea. Accessed August 23, 2019.
Spacek, L. A. (2014). Diarrhea. In Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. Available from https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545056/all/Diarrhea
Spacek LA. Diarrhea [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. ; 2014. [cited 2019 August 23]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545056/all/Diarrhea.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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