Chlamydia trachomatis
Chlamydia trachomatis is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins HIV Guide.
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MICROBIOLOGY
- The many serovars of C. trachomatis can generally be divided into:
- Serovars D-K: cause genitourinary tract disease, rectal disease (including proctitis), and conjunctivitis.
- Serovars L1-L3: cause lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) and proctocolitis.
- Serovars A-C: causing endemic trachoma (chronic keratoconjunctivitis) in resource-limited tropical settings, leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide.
- Obligate intracellular bacteria, infecting primarily ocular and genitourinary epithelium; one of the smallest known bacterial genomes.
- All Chlamydia species have 2 distinct forms in their infectious cycle:
- Elementary body (EB - infectious, extracellular sporelike form)
- Reticulate body (RB - intracellular, metabolically active, replicating form).
- The EB penetrates a cell, transforms into an RB to replicate, then eventually the cell ruptures releasing EBs that can infect new cells.
- Requires cell culture for propagation.
- Immunity is short-lived, which explains the frequency of re-infection.
-- To view the remaining sections of this topic, please log in or purchase a subscription --
MICROBIOLOGY
- The many serovars of C. trachomatis can generally be divided into:
- Serovars D-K: cause genitourinary tract disease, rectal disease (including proctitis), and conjunctivitis.
- Serovars L1-L3: cause lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) and proctocolitis.
- Serovars A-C: causing endemic trachoma (chronic keratoconjunctivitis) in resource-limited tropical settings, leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide.
- Obligate intracellular bacteria, infecting primarily ocular and genitourinary epithelium; one of the smallest known bacterial genomes.
- All Chlamydia species have 2 distinct forms in their infectious cycle:
- Elementary body (EB - infectious, extracellular sporelike form)
- Reticulate body (RB - intracellular, metabolically active, replicating form).
- The EB penetrates a cell, transforms into an RB to replicate, then eventually the cell ruptures releasing EBs that can infect new cells.
- Requires cell culture for propagation.
- Immunity is short-lived, which explains the frequency of re-infection.
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Last updated: October 19, 2022
Citation
El-Nahal, Walid , and Annie Antar. "Chlamydia Trachomatis." Johns Hopkins HIV Guide, 2022. Johns Hopkins Guides, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545032/all/Chlamydia_trachomatis.
El-Nahal W, Antar A. Chlamydia trachomatis. Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. 2022. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545032/all/Chlamydia_trachomatis. Accessed March 30, 2023.
El-Nahal, W., & Antar, A. (2022). Chlamydia trachomatis. In Johns Hopkins HIV Guide https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545032/all/Chlamydia_trachomatis
El-Nahal W, Antar A. Chlamydia Trachomatis [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. ; 2022. [cited 2023 March 30]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545032/all/Chlamydia_trachomatis.
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