Johns Hopkins HIV Guide
Castleman disease
PATHOGENS
- HIV-associated multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) always associated with HHV-8, aka Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). HHV-8 present in 40% of non-HIV cases.
- HHV-8 is a double-stranded DNA gamma-herpesvirus.
- MCD is likely the result of active lytic infection with all viral genes expressed and viral replication as opposed to a very small proportion of HHV-8 cells (1%) having lytic infection in Kaposi sarcoma.
- HHV-8 is secreted in saliva (possible reason for high MSM prevalence of HHV-8 infection in the U.S. is through oral anal infection, unclear reasons for high general population infection in Africa).
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Last updated: January 5, 2017
Citation
Hoffmann, Christopher, and Mark Levis. "Castleman Disease." Johns Hopkins HIV Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2017. Johns Hopkins Guides, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545030/all/Castleman_disease.
Hoffmann C, Levis M. Castleman disease. Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2017. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545030/all/Castleman_disease. Accessed October 31, 2025.
Hoffmann, C., & Levis, M. (2017). Castleman disease. In Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545030/all/Castleman_disease
Hoffmann C, Levis M. Castleman Disease [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2017. [cited 2025 October 31]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545030/all/Castleman_disease.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Castleman disease
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AU - Levis,Mark,M.D., Ph.D.
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BT - Johns Hopkins HIV Guide
UR - https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545030/all/Castleman_disease
PB - The Johns Hopkins University
DB - Johns Hopkins Guides
DP - Unbound Medicine
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