Acromegaly
Acromegaly is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins Diabetes Guide.
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DEFINITION
- A clinical syndrome resulting from excessive secretion of growth hormone (GH).
- GH excess prior to closure of the epiphyseal plates results in gigantism; after epiphyseal plate closure, the result is acromegaly.
- Somatic and metabolic effects of chronic GH hypersecretion are predominantly mediated by high levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).
- Acromegaly is an uncommon secondary cause of diabetes.
- Excess GH: 1) stimulates gluconeogenesis and lipolysis, causing hyperglycemia and elevated free fatty acid levels; 2) leads to both hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance, with compensatory hyperinsulinemia. Conversely, IGF-1 increases insulin sensitivity. However, in acromegaly, increased IGF-1 levels are unable to overcome the insulin-resistant state caused by GH excess.
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Last updated: June 14, 2011
Citation
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TY - ELEC
T1 - Acromegaly
ID - 547003
A1 - Ball,Douglas,M.D.
Y1 - 2011/06/14/
BT - Johns Hopkins Diabetes Guide
UR - https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_Diabetes_Guide/547003/all/Acromegaly
DB - Johns Hopkins Guide
DP - Unbound Medicine
ER -