Johns Hopkins ABX Guide
Balamuthia species
MICROBIOLOGY
- Free-living amoeba found worldwide in soil, dust, and water
- B. mandrillaris is the only known species
- Discovered in 1986 at the San Diego Zoo in a pregnant mandrill (old-world monkey) with fatal meningoencephalitis[11]
- Two-stage life cycle
- Trophozoite, infective to humans and other mammals; pleomorphic, uni- or bi-nucleated, 12-60 μm [Fig]
- Cyst, resistant to anti-microbials; uninucleated spherules measuring 12-30 μm
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Last updated: December 14, 2024
Citation
"Balamuthia Species." Johns Hopkins ABX Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2024. Johns Hopkins Guides, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540722/all/Balamuthia_species.
Balamuthia species. Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2024. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540722/all/Balamuthia_species. Accessed November 4, 2025.
Balamuthia species. (2024). In Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540722/all/Balamuthia_species
Balamuthia Species [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2024. [cited 2025 November 04]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540722/all/Balamuthia_species.
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