Johns Hopkins ABX Guide
Leishmania species
Leishmania species is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide.
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MICROBIOLOGY
- Protozoan parasite of Kinetoplastid family, amastigote form infects macrophages.
- Transmitted by various species of infected sandfly; also by needle sharing among IDUs in endemic regions. Lifecycle: Fig 1.
- HIV increases risk of visceral (hepato/splenic and bone marrow) disease, not opportunistic cutaneous or mucocutaneous disease. Second most common opportunistic infection of tissue protozoan in HIV after Toxoplasma gondii worldwide.
- Forms:
- Visceral leishmaniasis: L. donovani (Asia), L. infantum (southern Europe, Mediterranean), L. chagasi (Brazil).
- 90% of human visceral infections occur in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sudan, Ethiopia and Brazil.
- Cutaneous leishmaniasis: L. major and L. tropica (Old World), L. mexicana, L. amazonensis, L. peruviana, L. guyanensis (New World), L. (viania) braziliensis (cutaneous and mucocutaneous).
- 90% of human cutaneous infections occur in Afghanistan, Algeria, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Brazil, Colombia, Peru and Bolivia.
- Visceral leishmaniasis: L. donovani (Asia), L. infantum (southern Europe, Mediterranean), L. chagasi (Brazil).
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Last updated: July 2, 2017
Citation
Auwaerter, Paul G. "Leishmania Species." Johns Hopkins ABX Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2017. Johns Hopkins Guide, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540309/all/Leishmania_species.
Auwaerter PG. Leishmania species. Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2017. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540309/all/Leishmania_species. Accessed October 18, 2019.
Auwaerter, P. G. (2017). Leishmania species. In Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. Available from https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540309/all/Leishmania_species
Auwaerter PG. Leishmania Species [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2017. [cited 2019 October 18]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540309/all/Leishmania_species.
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