Johns Hopkins ABX Guide
Hemorrhagic fever viruses
PATHOGENS
All are RNA viruses, members of five families:
- Arenaviridae: usually rodent-borne, divided into two groups.
- New World or Tacribe complex, examples
- Junin virus, cause of Argentine hemorrhagic fever
- Machupo virus, described in Bolivia
- Guanarito virus, Venezuela
- Sabia virus, Brazil:
- Chapare virus, Bolivia
- Old World
- Lassa fever virus
- West Africa (most cases in Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea and Nigeria)
- Lujo virus South Africa
- Lassa fever virus
- New World or Tacribe complex, examples
- Bunyaviridae: typically arthropod-borne
- Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF): Eastern Europe, Middle East, Africa, Asia
- Hantavirus
- Old World: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
- Multiple strains: Seoul, Puumula, and others
- New World: hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
- Multiple viruses, Sin Nombre and others
- Old World: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
- Rift Valley fever virus: Africa, Saudi Arabia
- Filoviridae: cause of disease in humans and non-human primates, zoonotic transmission likely, reservoir debated, though person-person spread responsible for most cases after index patient.
- Ebola virus: six species identified (four cause disease in humans Ebola, Sudan, Taï Forest, Bundibugyo), Africa
- Marburg virus: Africa
- Flaviviridae: arthropod-borne, primarily ticks and mosquitoes
- Dengue fever virus is mosquito-borne worldwide in tropical, subtropical climates.
- Yellow fever virus: mosquito-borne, Africa, tropical Americas
- Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus: tick-borne, Egypt, Saudi Arabia
- Kyasanur Forest fever virus: tick-borne, India, Karnataka state
- Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus: tick-borne with rodent reservoir, Central Asia, western Siberia
- Phleboviridae
- Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS): tick-borne, China
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Last updated: January 13, 2023
Citation
Auwaerter, Paul G. "Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses." Johns Hopkins ABX Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2023. Johns Hopkins Guides, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540258/all/Hemorrhagic_fever_viruses.
Auwaerter PG. Hemorrhagic fever viruses. Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2023. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540258/all/Hemorrhagic_fever_viruses. Accessed September 25, 2023.
Auwaerter, P. G. (2023). Hemorrhagic fever viruses. In Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540258/all/Hemorrhagic_fever_viruses
Auwaerter PG. Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2023. [cited 2023 September 25]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540258/all/Hemorrhagic_fever_viruses.
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