Echinococcus
Echinococcus is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide.
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MICROBIOLOGY
- E. granulosus sensu lato complex
- Composed of a complex of 10 specific genotypes, G1–10 that has been divided into species: E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1–G3), E. equinus (G4), E. ortleppi (G5), E. intermedius (G6–G7), and E. canadensis (G8–G10)
- Additional Echinococcus spp. include E. shiquicus, E. vogeli, E. felidis, E. oligarthra, and E. multilocularis.
- Zoonotic cestode parasite: two major forms for clinical human disease.
- Echinococcus granulosus: most common, cause of cystic echinococcosis (CE).
- Intermediate hosts: sheep, cattle, pigs, camels, goats
- Definitive hosts: dogs and other canids that eat internal organs of the intermediate host [Fig 1].
- Humans infected by the ingestion of eggs indirectly from canid feces via environmental contamination of food/water.
- E. multilocularis: less common, cause of alveolar (tumor-like) echinococcosis (AE).
- Intermediate hosts: rodents, domestic pigs, wild boars, dog, monkeys
- Definitive hosts: foxes, dogs, cats
- Most cases described in Europe, Asia. Three cases described in North America.
- Other:
- Echinococcus vogeli (very rare): rodents intermediate host, while bush dogs definitive host in central, south America.
- E. oligarthus (rare)
- Echinococcus granulosus: most common, cause of cystic echinococcosis (CE).
- Larval forms (metacestodes) infectious to humans.
- Organism growth in the host is extremely slow, hence often asymptomatic x many years.
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MICROBIOLOGY
- E. granulosus sensu lato complex
- Composed of a complex of 10 specific genotypes, G1–10 that has been divided into species: E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1–G3), E. equinus (G4), E. ortleppi (G5), E. intermedius (G6–G7), and E. canadensis (G8–G10)
- Additional Echinococcus spp. include E. shiquicus, E. vogeli, E. felidis, E. oligarthra, and E. multilocularis.
- Zoonotic cestode parasite: two major forms for clinical human disease.
- Echinococcus granulosus: most common, cause of cystic echinococcosis (CE).
- Intermediate hosts: sheep, cattle, pigs, camels, goats
- Definitive hosts: dogs and other canids that eat internal organs of the intermediate host [Fig 1].
- Humans infected by the ingestion of eggs indirectly from canid feces via environmental contamination of food/water.
- E. multilocularis: less common, cause of alveolar (tumor-like) echinococcosis (AE).
- Intermediate hosts: rodents, domestic pigs, wild boars, dog, monkeys
- Definitive hosts: foxes, dogs, cats
- Most cases described in Europe, Asia. Three cases described in North America.
- Other:
- Echinococcus vogeli (very rare): rodents intermediate host, while bush dogs definitive host in central, south America.
- E. oligarthus (rare)
- Echinococcus granulosus: most common, cause of cystic echinococcosis (CE).
- Larval forms (metacestodes) infectious to humans.
- Organism growth in the host is extremely slow, hence often asymptomatic x many years.
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Last updated: December 9, 2019
Citation
Auwaerter, Paul G. "Echinococcus." Johns Hopkins ABX Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2019. Johns Hopkins Guides, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540181/all/Echinococcus.
Auwaerter PG. Echinococcus. Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2019. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540181/all/Echinococcus. Accessed March 26, 2023.
Auwaerter, P. G. (2019). Echinococcus. In Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540181/all/Echinococcus
Auwaerter PG. Echinococcus [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2019. [cited 2023 March 26]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540181/all/Echinococcus.
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DB - Johns Hopkins Guides
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