Johns Hopkins HIV Guide
Cryptococcal Meningitis
PATHOGENS
- Yeast-like round fungus, 5-10 µm with polysaccharide capsule
- Epidemiology: found worldwide in soil and therefore impossible to completely avoid; exposure to bird droppings increase risk of infection.
- Most common non-candidal fungal infection in HIV+ pts worldwide
- Major OI in sub-Saharan Africa, Thailand, India.
- In U.S. pre-HAART era, 5-8% of HIV+ pts developed cryptococcosis. Dramatically reduced incidence in HAART era.
- Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans (serotypes A and D).
- Cryptococcus gattii previously known as cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii (serotypes B and C, rare in HIV). Now classified as separate species.
- Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (has been used to designate serotype A).
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Last updated: December 4, 2016
Citation
Chida, Natasha. "Cryptococcal Meningitis." Johns Hopkins HIV Guide, 2016. Johns Hopkins Guides, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545045/all/Cryptococcal_Meningitis.
Chida N. Cryptococcal Meningitis. Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. 2016. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545045/all/Cryptococcal_Meningitis. Accessed June 10, 2023.
Chida, N. (2016). Cryptococcal Meningitis. In Johns Hopkins HIV Guide https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545045/all/Cryptococcal_Meningitis
Chida N. Cryptococcal Meningitis [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins HIV Guide. ; 2016. [cited 2023 June 10]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_HIV_Guide/545045/all/Cryptococcal_Meningitis.
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