Vitamin D
Vitamin D is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins Diabetes Guide.
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DESCRIPTION
- Estimated that over 1 billion people worldwide have vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency[7].
- Frank vitamin D deficiency in children (rickets) or adults (osteomalacia) remains rare in developed countries.
- Studies ongoing to determine the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM); preliminary data suggests prevalence may be as high as 30% in T2DM[13].
- Vitamin D optimizes intestinal calcium and phosphorus absorption to maintain skeletal mineral content.
- Sources of vitamin D include sunlight exposure, dietary intake, dietary supplements.
- Vitamin D derived from sunlight or dietary sources metabolized in the liver to form 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)
- 25-hydroxyvitamin D metabolized by 1-alpha-hydroxylase in kidneys to active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)D)
- Vitamin D deficiency in adults can lead to development of osteopenia, osteoporosis, and/or osteomalacia; muscle weakness; and increased risk of fractures and falls.
- Vitamin D may have other roles in human health including modulation of immune function and reduction of inflammation, though studies are ongoing.
- Interaction between vitamin D status and other conditions including cardiovascular health, cancer, pregnancy outcomes amd neuromuscular/neuropsychiatric function is not yet well elucidated.
-- To view the remaining sections of this topic, please log in or purchase a subscription --
DESCRIPTION
- Estimated that over 1 billion people worldwide have vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency[7].
- Frank vitamin D deficiency in children (rickets) or adults (osteomalacia) remains rare in developed countries.
- Studies ongoing to determine the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM); preliminary data suggests prevalence may be as high as 30% in T2DM[13].
- Vitamin D optimizes intestinal calcium and phosphorus absorption to maintain skeletal mineral content.
- Sources of vitamin D include sunlight exposure, dietary intake, dietary supplements.
- Vitamin D derived from sunlight or dietary sources metabolized in the liver to form 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)
- 25-hydroxyvitamin D metabolized by 1-alpha-hydroxylase in kidneys to active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)D)
- Vitamin D deficiency in adults can lead to development of osteopenia, osteoporosis, and/or osteomalacia; muscle weakness; and increased risk of fractures and falls.
- Vitamin D may have other roles in human health including modulation of immune function and reduction of inflammation, though studies are ongoing.
- Interaction between vitamin D status and other conditions including cardiovascular health, cancer, pregnancy outcomes amd neuromuscular/neuropsychiatric function is not yet well elucidated.
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Last updated: January 5, 2017
Citation
Moseley, Kendall, and Todd T Brown. "Vitamin D." Johns Hopkins Diabetes Guide, 2017. Johns Hopkins Guides, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_Diabetes_Guide/547149/all/Vitamin_D.
Moseley K, Brown TT. Vitamin D. Johns Hopkins Diabetes Guide. 2017. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_Diabetes_Guide/547149/all/Vitamin_D. Accessed March 30, 2023.
Moseley, K., & Brown, T. T. (2017). Vitamin D. In Johns Hopkins Diabetes Guide https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_Diabetes_Guide/547149/all/Vitamin_D
Moseley K, Brown TT. Vitamin D [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins Diabetes Guide. ; 2017. [cited 2023 March 30]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_Diabetes_Guide/547149/all/Vitamin_D.
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AU - Brown,Todd,M.D., Ph.D.
Y1 - 2017/01/05/
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UR - https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_Diabetes_Guide/547149/all/Vitamin_D
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DP - Unbound Medicine
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