Trichomonas vaginalis
Trichomonas vaginalis is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide.
To view the entire topic, please log in or purchase a subscription.
Official website of the Johns Hopkins Antibiotic (ABX), HIV, Diabetes, and Psychiatry Guides, powered by Unbound Medicine. Johns Hopkins Guide App for iOS, iPhone, iPad, and Android included. Explore these free sample topics:
-- The first section of this topic is shown below --
MICROBIOLOGY
- Trichomonas vaginalis (TV): 5-15 µm, pear-shaped, motile, flagellated protozoan parasite.
- Exists in the trophozoite stage only [Fig. 1; life cycle].
- Facultative anaerobe divides by binary fission.
- Optimal growth in moist milieu at a pH of 4.9-7.5 and a temperature of 35oC-37oC.
- Trichomonads gather in clusters on the stratified urogenital epithelium, covering only a small surface area.
- Parasites invade the superficial epithelium causing damage directly beneath the clustered trichomonads.
- The nonspecific inflammatory response was noted in the lamina propria with plasma cells, lymphocytes, and neutrophils present.
- Superficial ulceration of the epithelium can occur.
- Exists in the trophozoite stage only [Fig. 1; life cycle].
- Transmission issues:
- Can survive up to 45 minutes on clothing, washcloths, and in bathwater.
- The presence of infection enhances the acquisition of HIV infection.
- Antecedent bacterial vaginosis (BV), is a risk factor for T. vaginalis acquisition.
-- To view the remaining sections of this topic, please log in or purchase a subscription --
MICROBIOLOGY
- Trichomonas vaginalis (TV): 5-15 µm, pear-shaped, motile, flagellated protozoan parasite.
- Exists in the trophozoite stage only [Fig. 1; life cycle].
- Facultative anaerobe divides by binary fission.
- Optimal growth in moist milieu at a pH of 4.9-7.5 and a temperature of 35oC-37oC.
- Trichomonads gather in clusters on the stratified urogenital epithelium, covering only a small surface area.
- Parasites invade the superficial epithelium causing damage directly beneath the clustered trichomonads.
- The nonspecific inflammatory response was noted in the lamina propria with plasma cells, lymphocytes, and neutrophils present.
- Superficial ulceration of the epithelium can occur.
- Exists in the trophozoite stage only [Fig. 1; life cycle].
- Transmission issues:
- Can survive up to 45 minutes on clothing, washcloths, and in bathwater.
- The presence of infection enhances the acquisition of HIV infection.
- Antecedent bacterial vaginosis (BV), is a risk factor for T. vaginalis acquisition.
There's more to see -- the rest of this topic is available only to subscribers.
Last updated: November 14, 2021
Citation
Tuddenham, Susan, and Noreen A Hynes. "Trichomonas Vaginalis." Johns Hopkins ABX Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2021. Johns Hopkins Guide, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540562/all/Trichomonas_vaginalis.
Tuddenham S, Hynes NA. Trichomonas vaginalis. Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2021. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540562/all/Trichomonas_vaginalis. Accessed January 27, 2023.
Tuddenham, S., & Hynes, N. A. (2021). Trichomonas vaginalis. In Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540562/all/Trichomonas_vaginalis
Tuddenham S, Hynes NA. Trichomonas Vaginalis [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2021. [cited 2023 January 27]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540562/all/Trichomonas_vaginalis.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - ELEC
T1 - Trichomonas vaginalis
ID - 540562
A1 - Tuddenham,Susan,M.D.
AU - Hynes,Noreen,M.D., M.P.H., D.T.M.&H.
Y1 - 2021/11/14/
BT - Johns Hopkins ABX Guide
UR - https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540562/all/Trichomonas_vaginalis
PB - The Johns Hopkins University
DB - Johns Hopkins Guide
DP - Unbound Medicine
ER -