Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A)
Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A) is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide.
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MICROBIOLOGY
- Group A Streptococcus (GAS), beta-hemolytic--grows on blood agar. See Streptococcal species or S. pneumoniae modules for other streptococci.
- Streptococcus pyogenes, Lancefield group A.
- Gram-positive cocci in chains [Fig 1].
- Ecologic niches are pharynx, genital mucosa and skin; colonization rates:
- Adults 2-3%
- School children 15-20%
- Virulence depends on proteins that represent toxins, mimic host macromolecules and after immune responses.
- M protein gene (emm) ~100 serotypes
- It may be used to track outbreaks, including invasive infections
- Certain types (emm1, emm3, emm4, emm6, emm12, emm18, emm89) are associated with most invasive infections.
- M protein gene (emm) ~100 serotypes
- All isolates remain susceptible to beta-lactams; however, worrisome resistance rates to alternative antibiotics are rising (data from 2011-2018 in U.S.).
-- To view the remaining sections of this topic, please log in or purchase a subscription --
MICROBIOLOGY
- Group A Streptococcus (GAS), beta-hemolytic--grows on blood agar. See Streptococcal species or S. pneumoniae modules for other streptococci.
- Streptococcus pyogenes, Lancefield group A.
- Gram-positive cocci in chains [Fig 1].
- Ecologic niches are pharynx, genital mucosa and skin; colonization rates:
- Adults 2-3%
- School children 15-20%
- Virulence depends on proteins that represent toxins, mimic host macromolecules and after immune responses.
- M protein gene (emm) ~100 serotypes
- It may be used to track outbreaks, including invasive infections
- Certain types (emm1, emm3, emm4, emm6, emm12, emm18, emm89) are associated with most invasive infections.
- M protein gene (emm) ~100 serotypes
- All isolates remain susceptible to beta-lactams; however, worrisome resistance rates to alternative antibiotics are rising (data from 2011-2018 in U.S.).
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Last updated: October 9, 2022
Citation
Auwaerter, Paul G. "Streptococcus Pyogenes (Group A)." Johns Hopkins ABX Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2022. Johns Hopkins Guides, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540524/all/Streptococcus_pyogenes__Group_A_.
Auwaerter PG. Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A). Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2022. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540524/all/Streptococcus_pyogenes__Group_A_. Accessed February 3, 2023.
Auwaerter, P. G. (2022). Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A). In Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540524/all/Streptococcus_pyogenes__Group_A_
Auwaerter PG. Streptococcus Pyogenes (Group A) [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2022. [cited 2023 February 03]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540524/all/Streptococcus_pyogenes__Group_A_.
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