Johns Hopkins ABX Guide
Diarrhea, Acute (Community-Acquired)
Diarrhea, Acute (Community-Acquired) is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide.
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PATHOGENS
- Common pathogens and causes: the list is by no means exhaustive
- Bacterial
- Campylobacter jejuni
- Salmonella species
- Shigella species
- Yersinia spp. (non-plague)
- Plesiomonas shigelloides(controversial)
- Vibrio spp.
- E. coli: multiple classified by mechanism
- Most important are enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) or Shiga toxin E. coli (STEC).
- The most common STEC is E. coli 0157:H7
- Most important are enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) or Shiga toxin E. coli (STEC).
- Cryptosporidia and Isospora
- Giardia lamblia
- E. histolytica
- C. difficile (increasing descriptions as community-acquired without obvious risk factors such as prior antibiotic exposure)
- Aeromonas species (2% of traveler’s diarrhea, usually watery diarrhea with fever and abdominal cramps)
- Parasites: more typical to consider with diarrhea lasting > 14d (sub-acute or chronic).
- Viral:
- Norovirus (a leading cause)
- Adenovirus
- Astrovirus
- Coronavirus
- Enterovirus
- Calicivirus
- Rotavirus
- Bacterial
- Non-infectious causes: adverse drug reactions, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease), radiation or ischemic bowel disease, partial bowel obstruction, small bowel overgrowth, laxative abuse, collagen colitis, tube feeding and endocrine disorders among others.
-- To view the remaining sections of this topic, please log in or purchase a subscription --
PATHOGENS
- Common pathogens and causes: the list is by no means exhaustive
- Bacterial
- Campylobacter jejuni
- Salmonella species
- Shigella species
- Yersinia spp. (non-plague)
- Plesiomonas shigelloides(controversial)
- Vibrio spp.
- E. coli: multiple classified by mechanism
- Most important are enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) or Shiga toxin E. coli (STEC).
- The most common STEC is E. coli 0157:H7
- Most important are enterotoxigenic (ETEC), enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) or Shiga toxin E. coli (STEC).
- Cryptosporidia and Isospora
- Giardia lamblia
- E. histolytica
- C. difficile (increasing descriptions as community-acquired without obvious risk factors such as prior antibiotic exposure)
- Aeromonas species (2% of traveler’s diarrhea, usually watery diarrhea with fever and abdominal cramps)
- Parasites: more typical to consider with diarrhea lasting > 14d (sub-acute or chronic).
- Viral:
- Norovirus (a leading cause)
- Adenovirus
- Astrovirus
- Coronavirus
- Enterovirus
- Calicivirus
- Rotavirus
- Bacterial
- Non-infectious causes: adverse drug reactions, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease), radiation or ischemic bowel disease, partial bowel obstruction, small bowel overgrowth, laxative abuse, collagen colitis, tube feeding and endocrine disorders among others.
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Last updated: November 8, 2019
Citation
Fabre, Valeria. "Diarrhea, Acute (Community-Acquired)." Johns Hopkins ABX Guide, The Johns Hopkins University, 2019. Johns Hopkins Guide, www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540165/8/Diarrhea_Acute__Community_Acquired_.
Fabre V. Diarrhea, Acute (Community-Acquired). Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2019. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540165/8/Diarrhea_Acute__Community_Acquired_. Accessed January 27, 2023.
Fabre, V. (2019). Diarrhea, Acute (Community-Acquired). In Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University. https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540165/8/Diarrhea_Acute__Community_Acquired_
Fabre V. Diarrhea, Acute (Community-Acquired) [Internet]. In: Johns Hopkins ABX Guide. The Johns Hopkins University; 2019. [cited 2023 January 27]. Available from: https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540165/8/Diarrhea_Acute__Community_Acquired_.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
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T1 - Diarrhea, Acute (Community-Acquired)
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A1 - Fabre,Valeria,M.D.
Y1 - 2019/11/08/
BT - Johns Hopkins ABX Guide
UR - https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540165/8/Diarrhea_Acute__Community_Acquired_
PB - The Johns Hopkins University
DB - Johns Hopkins Guide
DP - Unbound Medicine
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