Cannabis-Related Disorders
Nicole Salfi, M.D., Matthew Taylor, M.D., Ryan Vandrey, Ph.D.
DEFINITION
DEFINITION
DEFINITION
- Cannabis refers to a genus of flowering plants, including 3 separate species: C. sativa, C. indica and C. ruderalis.
- Street names for cannabis are numerous, and include: marijuana, pot, weed, herb, buddha, nugs, grass, trees, Mary Jane.
- Cannabis is most often consumed by smoking dried plant material, but concentrate forms (dabbing) and edible (oral) have increased markedly with legalization.
- The primary psychoactive component is Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol, also called Δ9-THC or simply THC which exerts its effects as via agonism of the cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor.
- Clinical syndromes:
- Cannabis intoxication involves behavioral, cognitive, or psychotic symptoms after use. Physical signs and occasional perceptual disturbances can be there[1].
- Cannabis withdrawal refers to symptoms observed in heavy users with cessation of use, which may include dysphoria, irritability, sleep disturbance, GI symptoms, anxiety and appetite loss.[1]
- Cannabis-use disorder According to DSM-5 criteria, use of cannabis for at least one year with significant impairment with at least two of the following symptoms[1]:
- Difficulty containing cannabis use
- Repeated failed attempts to cease use
- Inordinate amount of time spent using, acquiring or recovering from effects of cannabis
- Cravings
- Continued use despite impairment
- Cannabis use in situations that are potentially dangerous, such as operating machinery or vehicle
- Use despite knowledge of physical/psychiatric
- Tolerance
- Withdrawal
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