Virologic failure: When to modify therapy

Christopher J. Hoffmann, M.D., M.P.H., Richard D. Moore, M.D., M.H.S.

DEFINITION

Incomplete VL suppression or virologic rebound after complete suppression (a commonly accepted definition is an HIV RNA >200 c/mL) caused by failure of current ART regimen to maintain suppression.
Not all elevated VL is from virologic failure (e.g., clonal expansion may lead to an elevated VL without therapeutic failure or an indication to change regimens).

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