Prediabetes or Categories of Increased Risk for Diabetes
Clare J. Lee, M.D., MHS, Rachel Derr, M.D.
Prediabetes or Categories of Increased Risk for Diabetes is a topic covered in the
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DEFINITION
- Isolated impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and isolated impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are intermediate states of abnormal glucose homeostasis between normal and overt diabetes.
- Prediabetes is an unofficial designation including either IFG, IGT or both.
- Documentation of IFG requires only a fasting plasma glucose. Documentation of IGT requires a 75-gm oral glucose tolerance test.
- A hemoglobin A1c of 5.7 - 6.4% identifies individuals in "categories of high risk for diabetes" to whom the term "prediabetes" may be applied (ADA Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes)[4].
- See Table Table 1 for exact definitions.
Table 1 State
| Fasting Glucose (mg/dl)
| 2 hour Glucose (mg/dl) during a 75g OGTT | A1c (%)
|
Normal | < 100 | < 140 | < 5.7 |
Isolated Impaired Fasting Glucose* | 100-125 | < 140 | - |
Isolated Impaired Glucose Tolerance | < 100 | 140-199 | - |
Combined IFG and IGT | 100-125 | 140-199 | - |
Prediabetes or Categories of Increased Risk** | 100-125 | 140-199 | 5.7 - 6.4 |
Diabetes** | ≥ 126 | ≥ 200 | >6.5 |
* The WHO and IDF recommend that Impaired Fasting Glucose be 110-125 mg/dl
**At least one criteria needs to be satisfied for diagnosis
-- To view the remaining sections of this topic, please log in or purchase a subscription --
DEFINITION
- Isolated impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and isolated impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) are intermediate states of abnormal glucose homeostasis between normal and overt diabetes.
- Prediabetes is an unofficial designation including either IFG, IGT or both.
- Documentation of IFG requires only a fasting plasma glucose. Documentation of IGT requires a 75-gm oral glucose tolerance test.
- A hemoglobin A1c of 5.7 - 6.4% identifies individuals in "categories of high risk for diabetes" to whom the term "prediabetes" may be applied (ADA Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes)[4].
- See Table Table 1 for exact definitions.
Table 1 State
| Fasting Glucose (mg/dl)
| 2 hour Glucose (mg/dl) during a 75g OGTT | A1c (%)
|
Normal | < 100 | < 140 | < 5.7 |
Isolated Impaired Fasting Glucose* | 100-125 | < 140 | - |
Isolated Impaired Glucose Tolerance | < 100 | 140-199 | - |
Combined IFG and IGT | 100-125 | 140-199 | - |
Prediabetes or Categories of Increased Risk** | 100-125 | 140-199 | 5.7 - 6.4 |
Diabetes** | ≥ 126 | ≥ 200 | >6.5 |
* The WHO and IDF recommend that Impaired Fasting Glucose be 110-125 mg/dl
**At least one criteria needs to be satisfied for diagnosis
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