Mastoiditis

Valeria Fabre, M.D., Paul G. Auwaerter, M.D.
Mastoiditis is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide.

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PATHOGENS

Acute mastoiditis: typical pathogens

  • Streptococcus pneumoniae 
  • Haemophilus influenzae 
  • Moraxella catarrhalis 
  • Staphylococcus aureus 
  • Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS)
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa 

Chronic mastoiditis: usually associated with recurrent otitis media or chronic otitis media (and prior antibiotic use), some likely pathogens encountered.

  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
  • S. aureus 
  • Enterobacteriaceae 
  • Anaerobes:
    • Bacteroides
    • Prevotella
    • Fusobacterium
    • Peptostreptococcus
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis (rare)

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PATHOGENS

Acute mastoiditis: typical pathogens

  • Streptococcus pneumoniae 
  • Haemophilus influenzae 
  • Moraxella catarrhalis 
  • Staphylococcus aureus 
  • Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS)
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa 

Chronic mastoiditis: usually associated with recurrent otitis media or chronic otitis media (and prior antibiotic use), some likely pathogens encountered.

  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
  • S. aureus 
  • Enterobacteriaceae 
  • Anaerobes:
    • Bacteroides
    • Prevotella
    • Fusobacterium
    • Peptostreptococcus
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis (rare)

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