Japanese Encephalitis Virus
Japanese Encephalitis Virus is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide.
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MICROBIOLOGY
- Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV): mosquito-borne flavivirus, similar to St. Louis encephalitis virus, Murray Valley encephalitis, yellow fever, dengue, and West Nile virus.
- Single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus.
- JEV is transmitted by Culex mosquitoes or species that lay eggs in flooded rice fields.
- Wild birds are natural hosts, and domestic pigs and birds are amplifying hosts. Bats transmit disease in China.
- Blood transfusion and organ transplantation are potential modes of transmission.
- JEV is endemic in Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific islands causing about 70,000 cases of infection and 14,000-20,000 deaths per year worldwide.[11]
- Map of JE transmission
- Risk of infection estimated at 1/5000 per month of travel to rural areas of Asia where transmission occurs.
- In temperate Asia, the incidence of cases peaks in summer and fall.
- In tropics or subtropics, transmission occurs in wet seasons but may occur year-round.
- Emerging risk in southern Europe via C. pipiens with JEV sequences found in mosquitoes and birds in Italy.[5]
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MICROBIOLOGY
- Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV): mosquito-borne flavivirus, similar to St. Louis encephalitis virus, Murray Valley encephalitis, yellow fever, dengue, and West Nile virus.
- Single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus.
- JEV is transmitted by Culex mosquitoes or species that lay eggs in flooded rice fields.
- Wild birds are natural hosts, and domestic pigs and birds are amplifying hosts. Bats transmit disease in China.
- Blood transfusion and organ transplantation are potential modes of transmission.
- JEV is endemic in Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific islands causing about 70,000 cases of infection and 14,000-20,000 deaths per year worldwide.[11]
- Map of JE transmission
- Risk of infection estimated at 1/5000 per month of travel to rural areas of Asia where transmission occurs.
- In temperate Asia, the incidence of cases peaks in summer and fall.
- In tropics or subtropics, transmission occurs in wet seasons but may occur year-round.
- Emerging risk in southern Europe via C. pipiens with JEV sequences found in mosquitoes and birds in Italy.[5]
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