Ampicillin

Edina Avdic, Pharm.D.
Pediatric Dosing Author: Bethany Sharpless Chalk, Pharm.D., BCPPS
Ampicillin is a topic covered in the Johns Hopkins ABX Guide.

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INDICATIONS

FDA

  • Streptococcal infections (Group A streptococcal pharyngitis, Group B Streptococci)
  • Otitis media (Haemophilus influenzae, beta-lactamase negative strains)
  • Diverticulitis (in combination with metronidazole)
  • Gonorrhea (in combination with probenecid, however currently not recommended due to high failure rate)
  • Enteric infections (Proteus mirabilisinfections, salmonellosis, shigellosis)
  • Urinary tract infections
    • Note: ampicillin is not recommended to be used for empirically for the treatment of cystitis by IDSA guidelines due to its poor efficacy and the very high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Gram-negative organisms[11].
  • Bacterial vaginosis
  • Endocarditis
  • Meningitis
  • Respiratory tract infections
  • Septicemia

NON-FDA APPROVED USES

  • Bacterial meningitis, acute, community-acquired (Listeria monocytogenes)
  • Intra-abdominal abscess (in combination with gentamicin and metronidazole)
  • Enterococcal endocarditis (in combination with gentamicin or ceftriaxone)
  • Enterococcus infections
  • Alternative therapy for enteric infections caused by Salmonella and Shigella
  • Endocarditis prophylaxis

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INDICATIONS

FDA

  • Streptococcal infections (Group A streptococcal pharyngitis, Group B Streptococci)
  • Otitis media (Haemophilus influenzae, beta-lactamase negative strains)
  • Diverticulitis (in combination with metronidazole)
  • Gonorrhea (in combination with probenecid, however currently not recommended due to high failure rate)
  • Enteric infections (Proteus mirabilisinfections, salmonellosis, shigellosis)
  • Urinary tract infections
    • Note: ampicillin is not recommended to be used for empirically for the treatment of cystitis by IDSA guidelines due to its poor efficacy and the very high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Gram-negative organisms[11].
  • Bacterial vaginosis
  • Endocarditis
  • Meningitis
  • Respiratory tract infections
  • Septicemia

NON-FDA APPROVED USES

  • Bacterial meningitis, acute, community-acquired (Listeria monocytogenes)
  • Intra-abdominal abscess (in combination with gentamicin and metronidazole)
  • Enterococcal endocarditis (in combination with gentamicin or ceftriaxone)
  • Enterococcus infections
  • Alternative therapy for enteric infections caused by Salmonella and Shigella
  • Endocarditis prophylaxis

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