Kidney Transplantation
Bassam G. Abu Jawdeh, M.D.; Nada Alachkar, M.D.
DEFINITION
- The surgical implantation of a kidney from one donor to a non-identical human recipient (allograft).
- Kidney transplantation that occurs between identical twins referred to as isograft.
- Simultaneous pancreas and kidney (SPK) transplantation has been a successful therapy for patients with end-stage kidney disease secondary to type 1 diabetes mellitus. Other options include pancreas or islet cell transplantation before or after kidney transplantation.
- Most patients with kidney transplantation (and all with pancreas transplantation) are allograft recipients and require lifetime immunosuppression to prevent immune-mediated graft rejection.
- Diabetes, in the context of kidney transplantation, includes both patients who have diagnosed diabetes prior to transplantation and patients who develop post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM).
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